Robotic vs Manual Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography: No Difference in Efficiency or Radiation, Learning Curve ~50 Cases

In 214 robotic vs 636 manual diagnostic cerebral angiograms, there was no significant difference in room time, procedure time, fluoroscopy time, contrast volume, or radiation dose. Robotic cases required conversion to manual in 18% (39/214). Learning curve spanned ~50 cases.

• Intraoperative complications were rare: 0% robotic vs 0.8% manual (p=0.34).
• Most robotic-to-manual conversions were due to tortuous anatomy, catheter incompatibility, or cassette error.
• Per-vessel comparisons showed no significant differences (all p≥0.51), and results were unchanged after adjustment for age, sex, vessels catheterized, access site, and operator.

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