Structured Ultrasound Education: Core Principles and Debates for Medical Students

Structured longitudinal ultrasound education integrating theory with supervised clinical practice prepares medical students for responsible use. A review covers physics, knobology, artifacts, safety (ALARA), and debates on simulation, handheld devices, and AI integration.

• Target audience: medical students and educators designing undergraduate ultrasound curricula.
• Core curriculum components: ultrasound physics, piezoelectric effect, probes, imaging modes, knobology, scanning techniques, image resolution, artifacts, reporting standards, ergonomics, hygiene, quality assurance, and the ALARA safety principle.
• Current controversies discussed: optimal curricular timing, role of simulation, use of handheld devices, and integration of digital learning tools and artificial intelligence.

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