Mesorectal fat radiomics on post-treatment MRI improves prediction of residual nodal and vascular disease in rectal cancer

Post-treatment MRI radiomics using tumor plus mesorectal fat predicted residual extramural venous invasion (AUC 0.797) and perirectal lymph node metastasis (AUC 0.824) in 219 rectal cancer patients after chemoradiotherapy, outperforming single-region models.

• Combined tumor and mesorectal fat radiomic features on T2-weighted MRI outperformed single-region models for both endpoints.
• The study used repeated 5-fold cross-validation in a retrospective cohort of 219 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

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