SIO Framework for Combining 90Y Radioembolization with Immunotherapy in HCC

The Society of Interventional Oncology outlines a framework for combining yttrium-90 (90Y) radioembolization with immunotherapy in HCC, noting that fewer than 40% of patients respond to systemic immunotherapy alone, and early studies confirm safety of the combination.

• Systemic immunotherapy alone yields response in less than 40% of advanced HCC cases, prompting combination strategies.
• 90Y radioembolization may activate innate and adaptive immune responses, potentially enhancing immunotherapy efficacy.
• Preliminary studies confirm safety of combining liver-directed 90Y therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors; efficacy trials are underway.

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