Improving ASL MRI: review of denoising, artifact correction and simulation for cerebral blood flow

Arterial spin labeling MRI measures cerebral blood flow without contrast, but low signal-to-noise, motion, and artifacts limit clinical use; denoising and machine/deep learning methods plus simulated datasets help improve image quality and reliability.

• Covers conventional image-processing and machine/deep learning approaches for ASL denoising and enhancement.
• Reviews major ASL artifacts and simulation methodologies used to train and validate algorithms when clinical data are scarce.

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