ADC maps outperform synthetic MRI for detecting prostate cancer in the transition zone

In a study of 261 men, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps achieved an AUC of 0.996 for distinguishing transition zone prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia, significantly higher than synthetic MRI T1 (AUC 0.928) and T2 (AUC 0.907) mapping.

• T1, T2, and ADC values were all significantly lower in prostate cancer than in benign prostatic hyperplasia (p ≤ 0.001), but proton density showed no difference.
• This retrospective, reader-based ROI study predominantly evaluated intermediate- to high-risk tumors, which may limit generalizability to lower-risk cancers.

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