Deep learning tool DORES segments enlarged perivascular spaces on MRI with Dice 0.61–0.72 in development cohort

An nnU-Net tool (DORES) segmented enlarged perivascular spaces on brain MRI, achieving Dice scores of 0.61 (white matter) and 0.72 (basal ganglia) in a development cohort, with modest decline on external data and scanner-dependent variability.

• In external validation using ADNI3 data, performance declined modestly for all algorithms.
• Scanner-stratified analyses showed stronger correlations for Philips versus Siemens images in the basal ganglia, indicating scanner-dependent measurement consistency.
• Scanner-related effects limit cross-site application, as noted by the authors.

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