Twin brainprints reveal distinct environmental impacts on cortical surface area and curvature

Twin brain MRI study: monozygotic twins had more similar cortical morphology (brainprints) than dizygotic, confirming genetic influence. Early environment (birthweight discordance) altered surface area; adult lifestyle had minimal effect. A 10-week navigation training changed cu…

• In monozygotic twin pairs, greater birthweight discordance was associated with lower brainprint similarity, driven by differences in cortical surface area.
• Adult weight and lifestyle factors showed minimal influence on cortical morphology within twin pairs.
• A 10-week virtual-reality navigation training induced changes in gray-white interface curvature and area, with microstructural reconfigurations; post-training, brainprint similarity increased in monozygotic but diverged in dizygotic twins.

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