CFD pressure gradients achieve 95% diagnostic accuracy for iliac stenosis in arterial occlusive disease review

CFD pressure gradients achieved 95% diagnostic accuracy for iliac stenosis in a 34-study scoping review. High wall shear stress and oscillatory shear index predicted plaque vulnerability and restenosis in carotid and peripheral artery disease.

• Most studies used Doppler ultrasound or phase-contrast MRI for flow measurements; inlet velocity profiles varied (parabolic, Womersley, plug).
• In carotid arteries, high wall shear stress was associated with plaque ulceration, and low wall shear stress with plaque growth.
• Authors call for standardization of CFD protocols, improved inlet data acquisition, and robust clinical validation.

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