Ten-year data show microwave ablation matches surgery for small papillary thyroid cancer

In a 120-month study of 134 patients with unifocal T1aN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma, disease progression-free survival was not statistically different between microwave ablation (MWA) and surgical resection. MWA had numerically fewer complications and no permanent ones.

• No statistically significant difference was observed in disease progression-free survival between the MWA and surgical resection groups at 10 years.
• Permanent complications occurred only in the surgical resection group; all MWA complications were transient.
• MWA preserved normal thyroid function without the need for thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

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