DeepCT-MTM: CT-Based AI Predicts Aggressive HCC Subtype and Guides Immunotherapy Decisions

A CT-based AI model predicted macrotrabecular-massive HCC with an AUC of 0.845 in external validation, and identified patients with worse survival on immunotherapy (all P<0.05).

• Multi-center study of 3118 HCC patients (20 hospitals); 832 resected for validation and 2286 receiving intra-arterial therapies (480 prospectively collected).
• AI-predicted high-risk group had significantly worse progression-free and overall survival across all IAT cohorts (exact HRs not reported).
• Treatment selection analysis is hypothesis-generating; prospective validation for guiding therapy is needed before clinical adoption.

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