Left Varicocele Embolization: High Success Uncoupled from Venographic Complexity or Coil-Adjunct Choice

In a retrospective 46-patient study, endovascular embolization for left varicocele achieved 100% technical success, 97.8% clinical success, and only 2.2% recurrence. Outcomes similar across complex anatomies and coil+glue vs coil+polidocanol strategies, though the low event rate…

• Retrospective single-center study of 46 men (median age 27) with median follow-up 35 months. Technical success 100%, clinical success 97.8%, recurrence 2.2%.
• Complex venographic anatomy (Types 3-5) in 56.5%; no significant difference between coil+glue vs coil+polidocanol strategies (clinical success 94.7% vs 100%, p=0.41).
• Limitation: low event rate precludes equivalence testing; single-center retrospective design.

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