Roadmap to autonomous and microrobotic surgery across five interventional domains

A perspective paper maps advances toward fully autonomous robotic-assisted and microrobotic surgery for endovascular, endoluminal, laparoscopic, ophthalmic, and orthopedic procedures, identifying key technical enablers needed for clinical translation.

• Design: Expert perspective/review combining surgical and bioengineering insights; no patient-level data or quantitative outcomes reported.
• The roadmap highlights innovations required for autonomous miniaturized robotics, emphasizing integration across multiple surgical fields.
• Limitation: Purely a forward-looking narrative; lacks clinical validation of autonomous systems in any domain.

RadPigeon summaries are original and for information only. They are not clinical advice.