Diffusion models synthesize full-dose FDG brain PET from MRI alone in epilepsy patients

Score-based generative diffusion models synthesized full-dose FDG brain PET from MRI alone with the lowest whole-brain SUVR error and highest ICC, improving further when ultralow-dose PET was added, in a retrospective study of 52 epilepsy patients.

• Retrospective study of 52 subjects (40 train, 2 validate, 10 test) using simultaneous PET/MRI.
• Adding 1% ultralow-dose PET to MRI inputs made all model types interchangeable for quantitative metrics and visual quality.
• Limitations include small test set (n=10), single-site data, and no prospective validation.

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